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अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
5.1 Arjuna said Renunciation of actions, O Krishna, Thou praisest, and again Yoga. Tell me conclusively that which is the better of the two.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
15.1 The Blessed Lord said They (the wise) speak of the indestructible peepul tree having its root above and branches below, whose leaves are the metres or hymns: he who knows it is a knower of the Vedas.
धृतराष्ट्र उवाच |
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca .
1.1 Dhritarashtra said What did my people and the sons of Pandu do when they had assembled together eager for battle on the holy plain of Kurukshetra, O Sanjaya.
अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
Swami Sivananda did not comment on this sloka
अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
17.1 Arjuna said Those who, setting aside the ordinances of the scriptures, perform sacrifice with faith, what is their condition, O Krishna? Is is Sattva, Rajas or Tamas?
सञ्जय उवाच |
sañjaya uvāca .
2.1 Sanjaya said To him who was thus overcome with pity and who was despondent, with eyes full of tears and agitated, Madhusudana (the destroyer of Madhu) or Krishna spoke these words.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
10.1 The Blessed Lord said Again, O mighty-armed Arjuna, listen to my supreme word which I will declare to thee who who art beloved, for thy welfare.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
6.1 The Blessed Lord said He who performs his bounden duty without depending on the fruits of his actions he is a Sannyasi and a Yogi; not he who is without fire and without action.
अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
11.1 Arjuna said By this word (explanation) of the highest secret concerning the Self which Thou hast spoken, for the sake of blessing me, my delusion is gone.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
16.1 The Blessed Lord said Fearlessness, purity of heart, steadfastness in knowledge and Yoga, almsgiving, control of the senses, sacrifice, study of scriptures, austerity and straightforwardness.
अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
3.1 Arjuna said If Thou thinkest that knowledge is superior to action, O Krishna, why then, O Kesava, dost Thou ask me to engage in this terrible action?
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
14.1 The Blessed Lord said I will again declare (to thee) that supreme knowledge, the best of all knowledge, having known which all the sages have gone to the supreme perfection after this life.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
4.1 The Blessed Lord said I taught this imperishable Yoga to Vivasvan; he told it to Manu; Manu proclaimed it to Ikshvaku.
अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
12.1 Arjuna said Those devotees who, ever steadfast, thus worship Thee and those also who worship the imperishable and the unmanifested which of them are better versed in Yoga?
अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
18.1 Arjuna said I desire to know severally, O mighty-armed, the essence or truth of renunciation, O Hrishikesa, as also of abandonment, O slayer of Kesi.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
7.1 The Blessed Lord said O Arjuna, hear how you shall without doubt know Me fully, with the mind intent on Me, practising Yoga and taking refuge in Me.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
9.1 The Blessed Lord said I shall now declare to thee who does not cavil, the greatest secret, the knowledge combined with experience (Self-realisation). Having known this thou shalt be free evil.
अर्जुन उवाच |
arjuna uvāca .
13.1 Arjuna said I wish to learn about Nature (matter) and the Spirit (soul), the field and the knower of the field, knowledge and that which ought to be known, O Kesava.
अधियज्ञः कथं कोऽत्र देहेऽस्मिन्मधुसूदन |
adhiyajñaḥ kathaṃ ko.atra dehe.asminmadhusūdana .
8.2 Who and how is Adhiyajna here in this body, O destroyer of Madhu (Krishna)? And how at the time of death, art Thou to be known by the self-controlled?
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
5.2 The Blessed Lord said Renunciation and the Yoga of action both lead to the highest bliss; but of the two, the Yoga of action is superior to the renunciation of action.
अहिंसा सत्यमक्रोधस्त्यागः शान्तिरपैशुनम् |
ahiṃsā satyamakrodhastyāgaḥ śāntirapaiśunam .
16.2 Harmlessness, truth, absence of anger, renunciation, peacefulness, absence of crookedness, compassion towards beings, non-covetousness, gentleness, modesty, absence of fickleness.
यं संन्यासमिति प्राहुर्योगं तं विद्धि पाण्डव |
yaṃ saṃnyāsamiti prāhuryogaṃ taṃ viddhi pāṇḍava .
6.2 Do thou, O Arjuna, know Yoga to be that which they call renunciation; no one verily becomes a Yogi who has not renounced thoughts.
सञ्जय उवाच |
sañjaya uvāca .
1.2. Sanjaya said Having seen the army of the Pandavas drawn up in battle-array, King Duryodhana then approached his teacher (Drona) and spoke these words.
न मे विदुः सुरगणाः प्रभवं न महर्षयः |
na me viduḥ suragaṇāḥ prabhavaṃ na maharṣayaḥ .
10.2 Neither the hosts of the gods nor the great sages know My origin; for in every way I am the source of all the gods and the great sages.
राजविद्या राजगुह्यं पवित्रमिदमुत्तमम् |
rājavidyā rājaguhyaṃ pavitramidamuttamam .
9.2 This is the kingl science, the kingly secret, the supreme purifier, realisable by direct intuitional knowledge, according to righteousness, very easy to perform and imperishable.
एवं परम्पराप्राप्तमिमं राजर्षयो विदुः |
evaṃ paramparāprāptamimaṃ rājarṣayo viduḥ .
4.2 This, handed down thus in regular succession, the royal sages knew. This Yoga, by long lapse of time, has been lost here, O Parantapa (burner of the foes).
भवाप्ययौ हि भूतानां श्रुतौ विस्तरशो मया |
bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṃ śrutau vistaraśo mayā .
11.2 The origin and the destruction of beings verily have been heard by me in detail from Thee, O lotus-eyed Lord, and also Thy inexhaustible greatness.
इदं ज्ञानमुपाश्रित्य मम साधर्म्यमागताः |
idaṃ jñānamupāśritya mama sādharmyamāgatāḥ .
14.2 They who, having taken refuge in this knowledge, have attained to unity with Me, are neither born at the time of creation nor are they disturbed at the time of dissolution.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
12.2 The Blessed Lord said Those who, fixing their mind on Me, worship Me, ever steadfast and endowed with supreme faith, are the best in Yoga in My opinion.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
13.2 The Blessed Lord said This body, O Arjuna, is called the field; he who knows it is called the knower of the field, by those who know of them.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
18.2 The Blessed Lord said The sages understand Sannyasa to be the renunciation of action with desire; the wise declare the abandonment of the fruits of all actions as Tyaga.
ज्ञानं तेऽहं सविज्ञानमिदं वक्ष्याम्यशेषतः |
jñānaṃ te.ahaṃ savijñānamidaṃ vakṣyāmyaśeṣataḥ .
7.2 I shall declare to thee in full this knowledge combined with realisation, after knowing which nothing more here remains to be known.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
2.2 The Blessed Lord said Whence is this perilous strait come upon thee, this dejection which is unworthy of you, disgraceful, and which will close the gates of heaven upon you, O Arjuna?
अधश्चोर्ध्वं प्रसृतास्तस्य शाखा
adhaścordhvaṃ prasṛtāstasya śākhā guṇapravṛddhā viṣayapravālāḥ .
15.2 Below and above spread its branches, nourished by the Gunas; sense-objects are its buds; and below, in the world of men, stretch forth the roots, originating action.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
17.2 The Blessed Lord said Threefold is the faith of the embodied, which is inherent in their nature the Sattvic (pure), the Rajasic (passionate) and the Tamasic (dark). Do thou hear of it.
व्यामिश्रेणेव वाक्येन बुद्धिं मोहयसीव मे |
vyāmiśreṇeva vākyena buddhiṃ mohayasīva me .
3.2 With this apparently perplexing speech, Thou confusest, as it were, my understanding; therefore tell me that one way for certain by which I may attain bliss.
ज्ञेयः स नित्यसंन्यासी यो न द्वेष्टि न काङ्क्षति |
jñeyaḥ sa nityasaṃnyāsī yo na dveṣṭi na kāṅkṣati .
5.3 He should be known as a perpertual Sannyasi who neither hates nor desires; for, free from the pairs of opposites, O mighty-armed Arjuna, he is easily set free from bondage.
आरुरुक्षोर्मुनेर्योगं कर्म कारणमुच्यते |
ārurukṣormuneryogaṃ karma kāraṇamucyate .
6.3 For a sage who wishes to attain to Yoga, action is said to be the means; for the same sage who has attained to Yoga, inaction (iescence) is said to be the means.
तेजः क्षमा धृतिः शौचमद्रोहो नातिमानिता |
tejaḥ kṣamā dhṛtiḥ śaucamadroho nātimānitā .
16.3 Vigour, forgiveness, fortitude, purity, absence of hatred, absence of pride these belong to the one born for a divine state, O Arjuna.
पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम् |
paśyaitāṃ pāṇḍuputrāṇāmācārya mahatīṃ camūm .
1.3. "Behold, O Teacher! this mighty army of the sons of Pandu, arrayed by the son of Drupada, thy wise disciple.
न रूपमस्येह तथोपलभ्यते
na rūpamasyeha tathopalabhyate nānto na cādirna ca sampratiṣṭhā .
15.3 Its form is not perceived here as such, neither its end nor its origin, nor its foundation nor resting place: having cut asunder this firmly rooted peepul tree with the strong axe of non-attachment.
अश्रद्दधानाः पुरुषा धर्मस्यास्य परन्तप |
aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya parantapa .
9.3 Those who have no faith in this Dharma (knowledge of the Self), O Parantapa (Arjuna), return to the path of this world of death without attaining Me.
मम योनिर्महद् ब्रह्म तस्मिन्गर्भं दधाम्यहम् |
mama yonirmahad brahma tasmingarbhaṃ dadhāmyaham .
14.3 My womb is the great Brahma; in that I place the germ; thence, O Arjuna, is the birth of all beings.
मनुष्याणां सहस्रेषु कश्चिद्यतति सिद्धये |
manuṣyāṇāṃ sahasreṣu kaścidyatati siddhaye .
7.3 Among thousands of men, one perchance strives for perfection; even among those successful strivers, only one perchance knows Me in essence.
स एवायं मया तेऽद्य योगः प्रोक्तः पुरातनः |
sa evāyaṃ mayā te.adya yogaḥ proktaḥ purātanaḥ .
4.3 That same ancient Yoga has been today taught to thee by Me, for thou art My devotee and My friend; it is the supreme secret.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
8.3 The Blessed Lord said Brahman is the Imperishable, the Supreme; Its essential nature is called Self-knowledge; the offering (to the gods) which causes existence and manifestation of beings and which also sustains them is called action.
श्रीभगवानुवाच |
śrībhagavānuvāca .
3.3 The Blessed Lord said In this world there is a twofold path, as I said before, O sinless one; the path of knowledge of the Sankhyas and the path of action of the Yogins.
क्लैब्यं मा स्म गमः पार्थ नैतत्त्वय्युपपद्यते |
klaibyaṃ mā sma gamaḥ pārtha naitattvayyupapadyate .
2.3 Yield not to impotence, O Arjuna, son of Pritha. It does not befit thee. Cast off this mean weakness of the heart! Stand up, O scorcher of the foes!
ये त्वक्षरमनिर्देश्यमव्यक्तं पर्युपासते |
ye tvakṣaramanirdeśyamavyaktaṃ paryupāsate .
Swami Sivananda did not comment on this sloka
एवमेतद्यथात्थ त्वमात्मानं परमेश्वर |
evametadyathāttha tvamātmānaṃ parameśvara .
11.3 (Now) O Supreme Lord, as Thou hast thus described Thyself, O Supreme Person, I wish to see Thy divine form.