BG 1.31
Bhagavad Gītā · Arjuna Viṣāda YogaAnuṣṭubh (śloka)निमित्तानि च पश्यामि विपरीतानि केशव | न च श्रेयोऽनुपश्यामि हत्वा स्वजनमाहवे ||१-३१||
nimittāni ca paśyāmi viparītāni keśava . na ca śreyo.anupaśyāmi hatvā svajanamāhave ||1-31||
Linguistic facts
Anuṣṭubh (śloka) · 16+16 syllables
scansion (laghu/guru)
17 words analyzed
- निमित्तानिnimittāni← निमित्तnominal · vocative plural neuter
- चca← चnominal · vocative singular masculine
- पश्यामिpaśyāmi← दृश्verb · present first singular active (√dṛś)
- विपरीताviparītā← विपरीताnominal · nominative singular feminine
- आनिāni← अन्nominal · nominative singular neuter
- केशवkeśava← केशवnominal · vocative singular neuter
- नna← नnominal · vocative singular neuter
- चca← चnominal · vocative singular masculine
- श्रेयस्śreyas← श्रेयस्indeclinable
- अन्an← अञ्जिnominal · nominative singular masculine
- उप्up← वप्nominal · nominative singular masculine
- अशिaśi← अश्nominal · locative singular neuter
- आमिāmi← अम्verb · aorist third singular passive (√am)
- हत्वाhatvā← हन्indeclinable
- सुsu← सुindeclinable
- अजनम्ajanam← अज्nominal · accusative singular masculine
- आहवेāhave← आहुnominal · locative singular masculine
Facts come from Vidyut (deterministic), never the model. Automated segmentation isn’t hand-verified — gaps are shown, not guessed.
Translations
1.31. And I see adverse omens, O Kesava. I do not see any good in killing my kinsmen in battle.
source ↗8 more attributed translations
I do not see how any good can come from killing my own kinsmen in this battle, nor can I, my dear Kṛṣṇa, desire any subsequent victory, kingdom or happiness.
1.31. O Govinda! Of what use in the kingdom to us? Of what use are the pleasures [thereof] and the life even?
1.31 The omens are adverse; what good can come from the slaughter of my people on this battlefield?
1.30 1.34 Na ca sreyah, etc., upto mahikrte. Those who are wrongly conceived as object of slaying, with the individualizing idea that 'these are my teachers etc.'8 would necessarily generate sin. Similarly, the act of slaying even of those deserving to be slain in the battle-if undertaken with the idea that 'This battle is to be fought for the apparent results like pleasures, happiness etc.'- then it generates sin necessarily. This idea lurks in the objection [of Arjuna]. That is why a reply is going to be given [by Bhagavat] as 'You must undertake actions simply as your own duty, and not with an individualizing idea'.
1.26 - 1.47 Arjuna said - Sanjaya said Sanjaya continued: The high-minded Arjuna, extremely kind, deeply friendly, and supremely righteous, having brothers like himself, though repeatedly deceived by the treacherous attempts of your people like burning in the lac-house etc., and therefore fit to be killed by him with the help of the Supreme Person, nevertheless said, 'I will not fight.' He felt weak, overcome as he was by his love and extreme compassion for his relatives. He was also filled with fear, not knowing what was righteous and what unrighteous. His mind was tortured by grief, because of the thought of future separation from his relations. So he threw away his bow and arrow and sat on the chariot as if to fast to death.
1.31 Sri Sankaracharya did not comment on this sloka. The commentary starts from 2.10.
1.31 I see, Krsna, inauspicious omens. I foresee no good in killing my kinsmen in the fight.
1.31 Besides, I do not see any good (to be derived) from killing my own people in battle. O Krsna, I do not hanker after victory, nor even a kingdom nor pleasures.
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